The most crucial landmark would be the 93-metre Hanbit Tower, sused being an observatory and equipped with absorbing science exhibits.:⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️ This cafe is operate by a couple who majored in artwork and make home furniture! You may as well flavor scrumptious espresso and desserts, and they also run an oil pastel 1-day class in the cafe! (Progress reservation expected!) �??�️ And two sweet cats will handle you! Additionally they market cute and Charming props, so that they are wonderful to buy as items on your own or as souvenirs from Daejeon!|Cost-effective Meal: Generous parts are supplied at fair selling prices, which makes it a favorite alternative amongst locals and travelers alike.|Daejeon?�s best business trip massages functionality this oasis, offering respite from the requires of business endeavors.|Though the Korean peninsula is incredibly rugged and mountainous, the elevations in South Korea are usually less than All those inside the north. The T'aebaek Mountain Range in South Korea runs northeast to southwest together The ocean of Japan. Dividing the place into east and west is definitely the Sobaek Mountain Assortment, operating in the commonly northeast-to-southwest direction; these mountains have prevented quick travel and interaction among the areas in the course of heritage.|Testimonials from business industry experts that have availed on their own of such companies speak volumes. A lot of recount how a specific massage session helped them defeat jet lag, enhanced their concentrate through meetings, or just furnished a A lot-necessary respite in the rigors in their travel schedule.|A few of the goods may appear somewhat out of your everyday, like pantalon boochu, which is a bun stuffed with chopped Korean chives, egg and tofu.|Totally free valet parking is on the market onsite. Make by yourself in the home in on the list of 126 air-conditioned rooms that includes kitchens with total-sized fridges/freezers and microwaves. Your pillowtop bed comes with down comforters and Egyptian cotton sheets. Wired and wi-fi internet access is complimentary, while 35-inch LED televisions with satellite programming provide leisure. Conveniences include desks and rice cookers, as well as telephones with totally free community phone calls.|Interactive Displays: Have interaction with multimedia displays, like Digital minting of cash or pinpointing copyright costs.|Opposition groups immediately formed the New Korea Democratic Social gathering (NKDP) to obstacle the DJP inside the 1985 election; the new occasion turned a strong minority voice within the Nationwide Assembly. The difficulty of constitutional reforms, particularly adjustments in how where presidents are elected and just how through which "reward" seats within the legislature are distributed, grew to become popular, especially right after Chun reaffirmed a motivation to action down in February 1988 and, in April 1986, dropped his extensive-standing opposition to any constitutional modifications ahead of that date. Demonstrations versus Chun continued and became violent at Inch'on in May possibly 1986 and at Konkuk College that fall. Opposition groups started gathering signatures on the petition demanding direct (in lieu of indirect) election from the president.|You will get quite unique colors and landscapes depending on which period you go. Personally advise autumn while you can see a burst of orange, yellow and purple. two. Forest Skyway and Suspension Bridge|There are several types of massage that focus on distinct parts of your body or treatment methods. Massage is rubbing and kneading the body along with your palms. In the massage, the massage therapist applies Light or powerful stress towards the muscles and joints of the body to relieve soreness and stress. A massage therapist is someone qualified in massage. ThaiLondonTherapy are renowned for the top Thai blend massage for muscle mass reduction in London, which gained about 5,000 5 star opinions. You may as well uncover a earth of other high-quality massages at Thai London Therapy such as our preferred Few massage or our Signature massage that bundled a do-it-yourself physique polish . We provide you an expertise that may exceed your expectations.|Significantly loved a short stay in Daejeon. Explored the market west of your coach station. Wandered the streets into the east with the station, with quirky cafes and no less than a person phenomenal Thai cafe.|A serious fund-boosting scandal that implicated both of those important get-togethers in 2003 delayed Roh's power to progress a number of expenses through parliament as the majority of parliament was worried about investigating the scandal.|Ramada by Wyndham Daejeon: Delivers deluxe accommodations with amenities like a rooftop terrace, business center, and proximity to shopping districts.|Thus, it?�s ideal to work with Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before examining the model from your university or publication?�s demands and quite possibly the most-modern information and facts out there at these internet sites:|Until the Korean War, tenant farming was widespread while in the ROK. The Land Reform Act of June 1949, interrupted through the war, was implemented in 1953; it minimal arable land ownership to three hectares (seven.4 acres) per domestic, with all lands in surplus of this limit being acquired by the government for distribution between farmers who had little or no land.|The shop's opening hours is Monday to Friday, all hrs are open. The work surroundings, siwonhe energy will not be the highest appropriate for you. Keep staff users on schedules, enhancement bills, and help with heal area profits can offer massage analysts extra time and energy to give attention to the amenities they may have use of.|The Sea of Japan varieties the open up system of water on the north east of South Korea; the waters of the Sea of Japan are deep, and also the tidal variety is smaller.|On the west in the Naktong River mouth the Coastline will become a great deal more complicated. The central and western locations in the southern coastline, in which the varied arms of your Sobaek Mountains reach the sea, feature a variety of basins that make an intricate coastline of substantial, extremely irregular peninsulas??including|such as|which includes|like|which include|together with} Kohung and Haenam Peninsulas?�flanked by abruptly soaring islands; offshore, the basins contain deep drinking water.|The room is clean and heat. Toilet is huge. Guests can benefit from the hot spring spa at 2000??for every use. The outdoor foot spa at general public park is just close by.|This pond is a fantastic spot to take a look at many fish and aquatic vegetation in the pond. #fallcolors #travellerswonderland #100waysoftravel #awesomepic #korea|Roh took the situation that North Korea's move to acquire nuclear weapons and export missiles could only be countered by dialogue. This put him at odds with some within the Bush administration, who held that The us wouldn't be "blackmailed" into negotiating With all the North. In June 2003, America announced it will redeploy a few of its 37,000 troops in South Korea|it absolutely was a place the place I could correctly get pleasure from a 4-star hotel that has a clean up space, a good park check out, a tranquil and luxurious breakfast, and in some cases a Conditioning Heart in which I went to extend my entire body a little bit in the morning.}
In 1993, South Korea developed two plans allowing for employers to hire migrant staff: the commercial trainee procedure and also the do the job allow software. The schooling system was undercut by The reality that as unauthorized personnel, trainees could earn a better wage, In spite of expenditures. Based on Migration News, in 2004, industrial trainees numbering 50,357 ran faraway from their assigned employers.
Be sure to Observe that we desire no-arranging more than setting up.??Exclusive ice cream which can only be witnessed and eaten in Daejeon is sold listed here From a variety of desserts to coffee and beverages
Examine the plan to enhance your check out. It?�s a spouse and children-friendly vacation spot that?�s both of those educational and entertaining for kids and Grown ups alike!|Every thing you have to know concerning the Daejeon Business Trip Massage A massage pro is somebody who is skilled and proficient to carry out a massage. To generally be a massage professional you have to be qualified in numerous features. We were being assisted in Daejeon around to aid time as we prepared the trip to Korea to understand and create into a massage instructor who's Qualified. We truly necessary Discovering how to operate as being a crew to execute until eventually we collected the traveling free spirit that was creation adequate funds to thrive via massages. Although the assistance was extensive and extensive, we desired to share our knowledge with serious clients. How am i able to find clients? Locating a consumer isn't really effortless at the beginning. Like every industry it is critical to market your business effectively. Even though it can take a while to get paid the trust of shoppers and the very best name with your field but you may start to begin to see the outcomes once you've reached this. In case in which you want to find out a lot more particulars about massage therapy, You need to browse close to listed here siwonhe.com website. Simply how much Expense to receive like a massage therapist? Massages are the most well-liked remedy for Daejeon, nonetheless, there happen to be many different downward strains as a result of the increase of exposed bones function wellness Heart, the continuous growth of working day spas in Daejeon exceed $one hundred fifty to the Swedish massage alone, together with additional extremely competent self-governing practitioners developing shops for these.|Tip: Guided excursions can be found and extremely suggested to gain further insights in to the historical context. The park occasionally features cultural performances and regular tunes live shows??check|Verify|Examine|Check out|Test|Look at} ahead for function schedules!|Broken and unbroken black bars in Each and every in the four corners are variously organized in sets of a few, symbolizing divination diagrams.|There?�s an area serving makgeolli or soju at the very best, and occasional Stay entertainment to enjoy As you soak your toes to eliminate the clay!|Magoksa Temple: Working experience tranquility at this serene Buddhist temple nestled inside a valley. The temple is noted for its lovely architecture and tranquil surroundings.|Suggestion: Pack a picnic and revel in lunch in one of the selected locations. Early mornings are ideal for hen observing and steering clear of crowds. Admission is free, rendering it a wonderful location for finances-conscious travelers!|Take pleasure in quality lodging with no breaking the lender. These inns present comfy rooms and necessary amenities at reasonable charges.|Out of doors Spaces: Stroll via wonderfully landscaped gardens, interactive fountains, and artwork installations that make for ideal Image possibilities.|Within the ?�Cite this post??Device, opt for a model to determine how all available facts appears to be when formatted In accordance with that fashion. Then, duplicate and paste the text into your bibliography or is effective cited listing.|Cradled by wonderful reduced-lying mountains, the lake is a popular desired destination for a scenic drive or stroll and it is the environment for Cheongnamdae, the president?�s summertime home, recently opened to the public for tours.|The area was Substantially larger than anticipated. It is apparently renovated but nevertheless had an out-of-date vibe. The lighting earlier mentioned the bed is Weird. The bathroom is very large and has a bathtub which was magnificent.|You might take enjoyment in predominantly dry situations with tempratures ranging from 25°C to 30°C (seventy seven°F to 86°F) in the course of this era, even though the wet time could lead to more time rain spells. Below yow will find a list of the preferred locations from Cheongju & Daejeon, primarily dependant on The range of scheduled flights for this thirty day period.|Idea: The forest is exceptionally beautiful in autumn And through the primary snowfall. Remember to don insect repellent during warmer months, and check if tenting reservations are expected beforehand!|But don?�t Allow its modern facade fool you; the town has loads on faucet. This travel information will unveil the highest things to carry out in Daejeon, making certain you knowledge a unforgettable trip.|#Travel itinerary I arrived at Daejeon Station all over 1pm and headed straight to the leading branch of Seongsimdang! Soon after ready exterior for approximately ten-20 minutes, I went in and rapidly purchased barely enough to consume?�ㅎ (for lunch)|Iu2019ve mentioned it 대전출장안마 before and Iu2019ll say it as repeatedly as needed: critiques and buyer feed-back are more vital than ever. Possessing a Yelp business listing can be a no-brainer.|The centerpiece, Hanbit Tower, stands at ninety three meters tall and features an observation deck with panoramic sights of the city and surrounding landscapes.|Roh Moo Hyun was elected president during the December 2002 election, taking 49% in the vote; he was inaugurated in February 2003. Although campaigning, Roh mentioned he would go on Kim Dae Jung's "sunshine policy" toward the North, but before his election, it had been exposed that North Korea was secretly acquiring a method to counterpoint uranium for use in nuclear weapons. Relations between North Korea and America were tense in 2002 and 2003, as The usa taken care of North Korea really should not be permitted to acquire nuclear weapons, as well as North asserted it experienced the ideal to take action to deliver for its defense and safety.|It is possible to amble from the park?�s leisure forest, and over the drinking water there?�s a line of duck boats to lease.|Undeniably, blockchain stays an ingenious technological know-how invention up to now. Considered as a brainchild of both somebody or a group of extremely smart mathematicians who opted a name â??�Satoshi Nakamotoâ???to introduce blockchain.}
A considerable, substantial velocity computer, specifically a single supporting various workstations or peripherals. The most widespread existing case in point is definitely the IBM Z mainframe
There are actually Plenty of web pages just beyond the outskirts of the town far too. The bus system was quite simple to navigate at the same time. Mine was a January/Wintertime trip so I didn?�t get to see all the town provides. It truly is worth a return trip even though. a few hooked on travel with price for revenue + backpacking.|The Gaon is a wonderful place! I am going there everytime I check out Daejeon. The situation is excellent and the employees are superb! The amenities are really thoroughly clean and cozy!|Arthritis can be a Frightening word for the majority of people. It appears like some sort of position of no return as we grow old. As soon as We've got it, the pondering goes, we just really need to undergo with it.Having said that, the reality is a good deal far more advanced than that.|In 1986, as Component of The federal government's financial stabilization software initiated in 1980, the entire five commercial banking institutions Formerly below authorities Handle had been denationalized. In 1993, the Korean govt began a 5-12 months financial-sector reform application, including the deregulation of interest premiums and liberalization of international exchange. Throughout the financial disaster of late 1997 and 1998, nonperforming loan levels skyrocketed. The credit score starvation of South Korean corporations can be explained partially via the failure of your inventory Trade to make the equity money they required. On twenty five June 1998, the Korean governing administration requested the takeover of five failing banking institutions, and seven other banks have been put on a warning list. Of the 7, 5 merged, and two continued operations. Financial institutions right impacted by these measures integrated Shinhan Bank, the Housing and Industrial Bank, Kookmin Lender, KorAm Bank, Hana Bank, and Hanvit Financial institution, among the Many others.|Daejeon was an exceedingly great metropolis and someone could do lots of excellent shopping there if that?�s their curiosity. I went towards the Yousong Spa and experienced a terrific expertise.|Ideal for family members as it has a lightweight incline, that is a broad fourteen-kilometre path, 1 facet of and that is laid with soaked purple clay.|Beneath the humungous dome on the Astronaut Hall is Korea?�s top planetarium, with 242 seats in addition to a timetable of demonstrates all day long extensive for a small payment.|Seasonal Beauty: Witness cherry blossoms portray the landscape pink in spring, vibrant roses in summer, vibrant foliage in autumn, and serene snowscapes in Winter season.|The Nakdong River, South Korea?�s longest, runs southward for 325 miles (523 km) to the Korea Strait. Streamflow is very variable, getting greatest in the damp summer time months and substantially significantly less in the rather dry Wintertime.|Following a lengthy working day of meetings and negotiations, ?�??출장?�피 supplies an ideal substitute to unwind and rejuvenate. Take pleasure in a relaxing therapeutic massage therapy that could relieve any strain and stress, or take pleasure in the anxiety-free saunas and various wellness services to recharge your thoughts and body.|I booked a roomy regular home, However they gave me a non-using tobacco space about the 7th flooring, which was great mainly because there was a window so there was no peculiar odor. I went over a business trip all over again these days and caught it again.|The southeast coastline can be divided with the Naktong River mouth near Pusan. On the north of this point the coast is fairly smooth, consisting of alternating headlands and bays; the latter have tiny lowlands at their heads, but they're not as isolated from the inside as their counterparts farther north.|The high-tech Discovery Area is really a palms-on area where kids can address a dinosaur bone puzzle, examine a fossil dig and swipe throughout many an incredible number of years from a person geological period of time to the next.|Planetarium: Enjoy immersive shows that get you over a journey with the cosmos, Discovering stars, planets, and galaxies with stunning Visible outcomes.|Daejeon?�s business-pushed lodgings perceive the value of presenting in-dwelling massage corporations. Bringing the rejuvenation straightforwardly towards the doorstep, these in-inn suppliers provide a definitive comfort to business explorers. Expertise the recuperating minimal little bit of proficient therapists with 대전출장샵 out wandering a good distance in the consolation of the lodging.|The seventh five-12 months financial and social enhancement prepare for 1992??96|ninety six} aimed at establishing the ROK as a sophisticated industrialized economic system because of the 12 months 2000. Much more distinct objectives bundled increasing social and economic equity, ongoing liberalization, increasing industrial and export competitiveness, along with strengthening the position in the non-public sector whilst lowering governing administration intervention in financial administration, particularly in the financial sector. The approach targeted an annual GDP advancement price of 7% and also a decline of purchaser price tag inflation to three%. The system was overtaken by the Asian money disaster. South Korea was assisted in weathering the disaster of assurance having a $fifty eight billion Worldwide guidance system mobilized in the IMF, the earth Lender, and also the Asia Growth Financial institution (ADB). In May well 1998, the government released a 5-year liberalization program covering eleven financial sectors, including the Beforehand closed petroleum, insurance policy and fiscal services sectors.|Nutritious Selection: Often served with lettuce leaves and perilla leaves for wrapping, accompanied by kimchi together with other facet dishes.|The younger era in South Korea won't keep as stringent anticommunist ideals given that the older generation and there is increasing public help to supply economic aid to North Korea.|Possibly due to the fact we are updating the location or for the reason that a person spilled coffee on it yet again. We will be back again just once we complete the update or clean up up the coffee.|Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee issue spots wherein they may have extensive understanding, regardless of whether from decades of expertise obtained by focusing on that articles or through review for an advanced diploma. They write new written content and validate and edit articles acquired from contributors.|Due to the fact its introduction available in the market, it has advanced to become something wonderful. Today each and every particular person and every single business want to grasp blockchain intimately.|Delve in the financial record of Korea within the Forex Museum of Korea, operated via the Bank of Korea. Opened in 1988, the museum provides a fascinating journey with the evolution of Korean currency, from historic cash to present day banknotes. It?�s an educational working experience that sheds light-weight over the place?�s financial advancement.|Sometimes, late-summertime typhoons (tropical cyclones) lead to weighty showers and storms alongside the southern coast. Precipitation in winter falls largely as snow, Along with the heaviest quantities developing from the Taebaek Mountains. The frost-cost-free period ranges from 170 days from the northern highlands to more than 240 times on Jeju Island.|Suggestion: Mid-assortment accommodations frequently have loyalty packages or partnerships with airlines for details and savings. Check for these Rewards when booking.|Escape in the purely natural ponder of your Jangtaesan Leisure Forest, renowned for its dense groves of metasequoia and ginkgo trees. The forest offers a rejuvenating experience with its fresh new air, scenic trails, and tranquil ambiance.}
Suggestion: Generally dress in a helmet and comply with site visitors rules. Be careful when biking in occupied places and lock your bicycle securely when not in use.
Conservative Confucian custom encourages married Gals to stay in your house. Women of all ages go on to go through lawful and societal discrimination. Despite equal option guidelines, hardly any Girls obtain high levels of professional success. The wage of the average woman employee is roughly fifty percent that earned by a male counterpart. Expo and illustrating the event of the technology.|Once you sit back, mineral water and glowing h2o are presented, and they're going to refill it in the event you request.|The Republic of Korea (ROK) has typically been as compared to its strong neighbor, Japan, but is alleged to get about 10 years powering that nation in scientific and technological innovation.|Knowledge Daejeon?�s pure elegance with structured hikes and out of doors activities led by experienced guides.|The modest spouse and children store, conventional in Korea, is providing strategy to chain merchants and supermarkets. Significant, modern department stores now function in Seoul, Pusan and various key city facilities, While some trade in rural places remains to be carried on by itinerant peddlers, mobile sidewalk stands, and periodic marketplace fairs.|NNarwhalThe hotel space was clean up and roomy. The check out out the window was good. Facilities have been abit lacking as compared to other hotels in Korea however the free of charge breakfast over tends to make up for that. Way much better than the standard resort I keep at In this particular area.|Max Resort: Supplies reasonably priced rooms with standard facilities, positioned in the central spot around shopping and dining alternatives.|You will discover a lot more than a hundred and twenty,000 items to take a look at, build in a few major exhibition halls, to the background of coins, the historical past of banknotes and an intriguing exhibition about anti-counterfeiting steps down the decades.|So, the next time you find yourself in Daejeon with a business trip, make sure to schedule a while for self-treatment and leisure. Topping the rundown is the Mending Desert spring, a famous spa settled within the core of Daejeon.|There are twelve kilometres of walking trails here, together with a barefoot path, by way of mature and newly planted swathes of ginkgo and bald cypress.|In April 1987, as demonstrations turned significantly violent, Chun banned all additional discussion of constitutional reform till after the 1988 Olympic Game titles in Seoul. The ban, which might have assured the election of a hand-picked DJP successor, set off violent antigovernment demonstrations through the country. In June 1987, the DJP nominated its chairman, Roh Tae Woo, a former normal and a close friend of Chun, as its prospect for his successor. When Roh approved opposition calls for for political reforms, Chun declared in July that the upcoming election could well be held by direct well-liked vote. On 8 July, one hundred,000 folks shown in Seoul in the biggest protest given that 1960 and, on exactly the same day, the government restored political rights to 2,000 people, including the longtime opposition chief, Kim Dae Jung.|Supply: Hans.P / shutterstockDaejeon O-World This built-in amusement park is 3 points of interest in one, all ensconced in lovely nature on Daejeon?�s mountainous southern aspect.|Water Routines: Rent boats or kayaks to take a look at the tranquil waters, or try out your hand at fishing?�it?�s a popular location for catching carp and bass.|If there?�s one thing Sung Sim Dang is noted for, it?�s twigim soboro, a fried streusel bread having a crunch cookie casing in addition to a sweet purple bean paste filling.|Academic Applications: Get involved in workshops, guided excursions, and special lectures that deepen comprehension of human heritage.|All-natural Dangers: Matter to typhoons, causing wind and flood hurt; occasional gentle earthquakes in southwest|Tip: Check out in spring or autumn to delight in mild temperature and witness town?�s gorgeous cherry blossoms or vibrant foliage!}
The warmth of its folks as well as the depth of its cultural offerings make Daejeon a must-visit desired destination in South Korea.
Suggestion: Use comfy footwear for going for walks and look at signing up for a guided tour for in-depth insights. Allocate a complete day to completely take pleasure in Gongju?�s offerings.
make the most of these benefits!|Featured facilities involve a 24-hour front desk and baggage storage. Free valet parking is accessible onsite. Take care of oneself to your stay in among the 49 independently decorated guestrooms, showcasing heated floors and Intelligent televisions. Your mattress comes along with down comforters and quality bedding. Computers with complimentary wired and wireless World wide web continue to keep you connected, and cable programming is readily available for entertainment. Conveniences include desks and occasional/tea makers, and housekeeping is offered day by day.|Inside the ?�Cite this information??Resource, pick a design and style to discover how all offered information seems to be when formatted Based on that model. Then, copy and paste the textual content into your bibliography or is effective cited checklist.|Written content is delivered to you AS IS on your info and personal use only. Down load presentation by click this website link. Though downloading, if for some reason you are not ready to down load a presentation, the publisher could possibly have deleted the file from their server. All through down load, If you cannot obtain a presentation, the file may be deleted through the publisher.|In addition, it incorporates information of past presidents, which makes it an incredible place to learn about record. On Hangul Working day, as opposed to specializing in Participate in, we suggest spending important time in this type of meaningful put in which you can feel and study a lot. ?�️|The breakfast was much better than I believed, the place was spacious, and there was even a Christmas tree from the lobby. It was ideal! I recommend this Daejeon hotel for its Price tag-performance. It's close to Jangtaesan, so it had been an excellent spot for the late tumble trip.}
Attempt to produce the upsides of this novel a single into the personalities who want it In addition this will likely be further more use for them. Nonetheless, You're not begun to make use of this massage you?�re passing up about the unimaginable open up doorway so try and obtain the upsides of the unique one to the personalities who want it. Business trips typically entail prolonged hrs of sitting down, standing, and going for walks, which could produce muscle mass tension and ache. daily from twelve:00 to twenty:00! They also sell coffee, so It is really perfect for looking at textbooks whilst consuming espresso. And there is a Seongsimdang main branch nearby, so It truly is fantastic for buying bread at Seongsimdang soon after investigating books Do you like impartial bookstores? I was fascinated by the allure of unbiased books in which writers Actually and freely Convey their feelings, so I went to varied unbiased bookstores for quite a while and found this put!|A picture/Backlink below is furnished (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Material on the web site is delivered to you AS IS to your data and private use and will not be marketed / accredited / shared on other Internet sites with no finding consent from its creator.|With the watershed divide near the east Coastline, the land slopes sharply and abruptly on the slender and discontinuous lowland in the coast. This coast is relatively typical, with number of islands and bays, the key one particular currently being Yŏngil Bay enclosed in Cape Changgi.}
Having said that, at that cost there are several who will be prepared to buy the requirement to avail solutions. Specialty massage fees There are numerous Daejeon at the moment demand for giant tissue massage, that needs much more exertion with the analyst and aromatherapy that makes use of significant oils, and incredibly hot stone massages Charge $150. The massage therapist to rearrange and clean up all of the stones they employ. How do I reserve a shopper for massage? Massage therapy can guide you find The best customer. The freshness of the information as well as a illustration within your awareness will assist you using your authority and assistance established on your own besides the group of therapists in the sector. Find out about your consumers' whole encounter into the kindness of your respective buyer. The social network has guidance in the region of promoting for solo entrepreneurs. Customer providers This management provides the basics of customer provider to massage specialists. The highest high-quality customer care is significant for massage gurus to be able to stay throughout the Group. You'll find many benefits for furnishing superb customer care. Your task will be additional}